Constitution

The Supreme Court in Naveen Jindal Vs Union of India (2004) 1 SCR 1038 held that right to fly the National Flag freely with respect and dignity is a Fundamental Right of  a citizen within the meaning of Article 19 (1) (a) of the Constitution of India being an expression and manifestation of his allegiance and feeling and sentiments of pride for the nation.

The Supreme Court in Aligarh Muslim University Vs. Naresh Agrawal ( Civil Appeal No. 2286 of 2006 ) overruled Azeez Basha Vs. Union of India  1968 SCR (1) 833 and formulated  indicia for determining minority nature of an institution.

The Supreme Court in I. C. Golak Nath Vs State of Punjab (1967) 2 SCR 762  held that Parliament has no power to amend Part III of the Constitution so as to take away or abridge the Fundamental Rights. This judgment overruled Sri Sankari Prasad Deo Vs Union of India (1959) SCR 89  and Sajjan Singh Vs State of Rajasthan  (1965) SCR (1) 933  but itself was subsequently overruled in Kesavanand Bharati Vs State of Kerala  AIR 1973 SC 1461.

The Supreme Court in M Nagaraj Vs Union of India (2006) Supp. (7) SCR 336 held Eighty Fifth amendment of the Constitution providing reservation in promotion with consequential seniority valid. But the Supreme Court also directed that while making such provision the State has to collect quantifiable data showing backwardness of the class and inadequacy of representation of that class in public employment in addition to compliance  of efficiency under Article 335.

The Supreme Court in Vishaka Vs. State of Rajasthan (1997) Supp 3 SCR 404 held that sexual harassment of women at workplace violates Fundamental Right to “gender equality” and “right to life and liberty” under Article 14, 15 and 21.